Which testing method is primarily used to evaluate the soundness of welds?

Radiographic testing (RT) and ultrasonic testing (UT) are both non-destructive testing methods widely used to evaluate the internal integrity and soundness of welds. These methods enable inspectors to detect discontinuities, such as cracks, porosity, or inclusions, without damaging the welded material.

Radiographic testing uses X-rays or gamma rays to produce images of the weld area, allowing for an internal view of the weld structure. This method can reveal defects that are not visible from the surface. Ultrasonic testing employs high-frequency sound waves to detect flaws; if the sound waves encounter an imperfection, they are reflected back, indicating that a defect may be present.

While other options also contribute to evaluating weld quality, radiographic and ultrasonic testing specifically focus on the internal characteristics of welds, making them particularly effective for ensuring the soundness of welds before the structure is put into use.